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Learn · Leo & Kiki's notebook

Education

Questions cat and dog parents ask, answered properly.

Feeding, training, new arrivals and the everyday stuff, each guide with its sources listed.

People ask:Can dogs drink milk?Do cats need vitamins?

A young tabby kitten lying on its belly on a towel, drinking kitten milk replacer from a small bottle

day one, bottle feeding

Golden retriever puppy on a leash on a backyard lawn taking a small food reward from its owner's hand during puppy potty training

potty training, week 2

Leo and Kiki

Kiki: Leo has read zero of these.

Leo: I licked the screen. That counts.

An orange tabby cat laps a small amount of cat milk from a shallow saucer, with a larger bowl of fresh water beside it

exhibit A: the saucer

QUESTION OF THE WEEK

Cat · Nutrition

Can cats drink milk?

Guess before you read. Leo already did.

Pick an answer to see how you did. The full article is always one tap away: read it now.

Every Guide

Pick a tab to narrow it down.

Everything, newest first.

An orange and white cat eats cooked wet cat food from a steel bowl while a person washes their hands at the kitchen sink behind

Is Raw Food Safe for Cats?

A gray tabby cat eats wet cat food topped with a small forkful of plain flaked tuna, with a bowl of fresh water beside it

Can Cats Eat Tuna?

Tabby cat sniffing a soft pill treat offered by its owner, who holds a small oral syringe of water ready in the other hand

How to Give a Cat a Pill

A calm five-month-old gray and white cat on a towel at a vet check before being spayed

CatsNew kittenCare

When to Spay a Cat

A found kitten about four weeks old wrapped in a warm towel inside a blanket-lined cardboard box

CatsNew kittenCare

Found a Kitten? What to Do First

A gray and white cat curled up asleep in a soft round bed on a sunny window ledge

How Much Do Cats Sleep?

A young tabby cat with the zoomies racing across a sunlit wooden floor toward a feather wand toy

Cat Zoomies: Why Cats Suddenly Race Around

A relaxed gray tabby cat walking toward a seated person with its tail held up, ears forward and eyes softly narrowed, a friendly example of cat body language

How Do I Read My Cat's Body Language?

Gray and white cat stepping into a large, clean, uncovered litter box in a quiet corner of a sunny room

Why Is My Cat Peeing Outside the Litter Box?

A tabby cat and an orange cat calmly seeing each other through a mesh pet gate, a key step in how to introduce cats

How to Introduce Cats, Step by Step

A content orange tabby cat with half-closed eyes kneading a thick folded blanket on a person's lap

Why Do Cats Knead?

Relaxed long-haired tabby cat on a lap being gently brushed, loose fur collecting on the brush to help reduce cat hairballs

Are Hairballs Normal for Cats?

Tabby cat sniffing a pot of oat grass beside a spider plant, two plants safe for cats, on a sunny windowsill

Which Plants Are Safe for Cats?

Orange and white cat sitting on a kitchen floor looking up at a block of cheddar cheese on a countertop, out of reach

Can Cats Eat Cheese?

A Cavalier King Charles spaniel standing calmly on a vet's exam table while a veterinarian gently checks it and its owner looks on

Why Is My Dog Scooting?

Golden puppy lying on a wooden floor biting a rope tug toy offered by a person's hand, a way to stop puppy biting by redirecting to a toy

DogsNew puppyCare

How to Stop Puppy Biting

A lean senior yellow Labrador with a gray muzzle walking on a loose leash beside its owner along a park path in golden evening light

Glucosamine for Dogs: What the Evidence Shows

A short-coated whippet on a leash wearing a fitted green dog winter coat with a high collar on a snowy sidewalk

Does My Dog Need a Coat in Winter?

A golden retriever sitting politely as a hand offers one small piece of plain cooked turkey breast, with the roast turkey kept far back on the counter

Can Dogs Eat Turkey? A Thanksgiving Plate Guide

A dog sitting beside a bowl of kibble topped with a small spoonful of plain pumpkin for dogs, in a sunny kitchen

Pumpkin for Dogs: How Much, and Which Kind?

A woman on a sofa with a laptop and notebook weighs whether pet insurance is worth it, her dog resting its chin on her knee and a tabby cat asleep beside her

Is Pet Insurance Worth It?

A relaxed golden retriever in a harness on a loose leash lies on a rug while a tabby cat watches from the top of a tall cat tree, showing how to introduce a cat to a dog

How to Introduce a Cat to a Dog

A brown and white dog and a tabby cat each drinking fresh water from their own bowls in a sunny room

CatsDogsNutrition

How Much Water Do Cats and Dogs Need a Day?

Beagle puppy sitting calmly on a towel on an exam table while a gloved veterinarian gives a vaccine at the back of the neck, part of the puppy vaccination schedule

DogsNew puppyCare

What Is the Puppy Vaccination Schedule?

An adolescent yellow Labrador puppy sits beside a steel bowl as a measured cup of kibble is poured in

When Should a Puppy Switch to Adult Food?

Tabby kitten pouncing on a feather wand toy held at a distance, so play never involves hands

Why Does My Cat Bite Me?

Tabby cat looking at a wide, shallow bowl of wet food in a quiet kitchen corner, a cat not eating being gently encouraged

Cat Not Eating? When to Worry and What to Do

A tabby kitten and an older gray tabby cat resting side by side on a knit blanket, two ends of the cat years to human years chart

How Old Is My Cat in Human Years?

Tabby cat eating wet cat food from a bowl on a kitchen floor, with a small saucer of plain cooked chicken beside it

What Can Cats Eat?

Gray and white cat asleep on a blanket in a bright winter living room with a window open for fresh air

Are Essential Oils Safe Around Cats?

Tabby cat on a snowy-day windowsill beside a pink Christmas cactus, a cat-safe holiday plant

Which Holiday Plants Are Toxic to Cats?

Beagle sitting by a Christmas dinner table, looking up at a glazed ham out of reach, with a bowl of plain cooked meat at its paws

Can Dogs Eat Ham?

Golden retriever resting on a kitchen floor while its owner stores baking jars on a high shelf during holiday baking

What Is Xylitol, and Why Is It Dangerous for Dogs?

A beagle resting beside its own food bowl on a kitchen floor while garlic bulbs and onions sit high on the counter, out of reach

Can Dogs Eat Garlic or Onions?

A hand drizzles a small teaspoon of salmon oil for dogs over a bowl of kibble while a golden retriever sits and waits

DogsNutritionCare

Salmon Oil for Dogs: How Much Is Right?

Healthy beagle sitting beside bowls of kibble and water while its owner gently checks it in a sunny kitchen

DogsNutritionCare

Do Probiotics Actually Help Dogs?

A young Labrador walks beside its owner on a loose leash clipped to the front of a no pull dog harness on a sunny sidewalk

How Do I Stop My Dog Pulling on the Leash?

A calm shepherd-mix dog sits quietly on a mat beside the front door while its owner kneels and offers a small food reward

Why Does My Dog Bark So Much?

A relaxed tabby cat lying on a cream blanket with eyes half-closed while a person gently strokes its cheek

Why Do Cats Purr?

A young tabby kitten with blue-gray eyes sitting on a folded towel, gently supported by a person's hands, for a kitten age chart guide

CatsNew kittenCare

How Old Is My Kitten? A Kitten Age Chart

Cat eating a small portion of kibble from an automatic cat feeder, with a puzzle feeder on the floor nearby

Should I Free-Feed My Cat or Feed Meals?

A person weighs a portion of dry cat food on a kitchen scale while a lean tabby cat watches from the floor

How Much Should I Feed My Cat?

Tabby cat drinking from a white ceramic cat water fountain on a wooden floor, with a plain steel water bowl set out beside it

Do Cat Water Fountains Actually Work?

Gray and white cat sitting on a kitchen floor beside a small dish of wet cat food and a dish of dry kibble, with a water bowl set apart

Wet or Dry Food: Which Is Better for Cats?

A woman kneels on a kitchen floor gently stroking a calm tabby cat sitting beside a bowl of fresh water

Why Is My Cat Throwing Up?

Relaxed long-haired cat lying on a person's lap with eyes half closed while its back is gently combed with a metal cat comb

Which Brush Is Right for My Cat's Coat?

Gray cat sitting next to a white self cleaning litter box set up beside its familiar open litter box in a quiet sunlit corner

Is a Self-Cleaning Litter Box Worth It?

Tabby cat stepping out of a large open cat litter box, with a second box placed in a separate spot down the hallway

How Many Litter Boxes Do I Need?

Tabby cat stepping into a large open litter box with a shallow layer of fine gray clumping cat litter in a quiet corner by a window

Which Cat Litter Is Best?

A gray and white cat resting on the padded top perch of a sturdy sisal cat tree beside a sunny window, looking out at the garden

Does My Cat Need a Cat Tree?

Starter paths

Bringing One Home?

Four guides, in the order you'll need them. Tick them off as you go.

Kiki: start with the litter box. Trust me.

New Kitten, Week One

STEP 1New Kitten Checklist: What You Need Before Day One

STEP 2How to Litter Train a Kitten

STEP 3What to Feed a Kitten: How Much, How Often, Wet or Dry

STEP 4How to Get Your Cat Used to a Carrier

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